The Innate Magnetic Fields of Lithium-Ion BatteriesJoshua R. BillerApril 9th, 2025Abstract:Lithium-ion batteries (LiB) are ubiquitous and drive a wide variety of devices from personal electronics to electric vehicles. Development of LiB has traditionally been driven by electrochemists and has focused heavily on optimizing charge density per cell. An unintentional end result is a handful of predominant cathode chemistries – LiFePO4 (LFP), LiCoO2 (LCO), LiNiAlCoO2 (NCA), or LiMn2O4 (LMO) – many of which can also be considered as dilute magnetic semiconductors. The magnetic nature of separate LiB components (i.e. anode, cathode, electrolyte, etc.) has been most studied using SQUID magnetometry. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) are increasingly used as well. Within the last six years, in vitro magnetometry has shown an innate magnetic field persists for LiB. Initial work centered on special non-magnetic pouch cell geometries. Recently we’ve shown that this magnetic field persists even for larger cylindrical formats like the 18650 and 21700. In addition, changes in the innate magnetic field of LiB can be correlated with changes in the state of health of the battery. A question immediately arises – “How is this signal here to measure?”. In this talk, two different answers to that question will be discussed. The first answer is technical in nature and revolves around a wide variety of magnetometer types (OPM, AMR, TMR) which have been used to capture the magnetic field signal, and the nature of the anisotropic magnetic field emanating from a LiB cell. The second answer is less well developed, and revolves around how ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and super-exchange interactions may possibly combine from the atomic to device scale to present the measured innate magnetic field. Much is unknown - but the importance of LiB in everyday life drives the need for increased understanding of magnetics to augment the existing knowledge of electrochemistry in the rational application, re-use and recycling of <a href="http://LiB.Co-sponsored" target="_blank" title="LiB.Co-sponsored">LiB.Co-sponsored by: NIST Magnetic Imaging GroupSpeaker(s): , Josh Agenda: Talk: 11:00AM to 12:pmIEEE Lunch Taj 12:15pm to 1:15pmRoom: 1A116, Bldg: 81, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, United States, 80305, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/477103

The Innate Magnetic Fields of Lithium-Ion Batteries Joshua R. Biller April 9th, 2025 Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LiB) are ubiquitous and drive a wide variety of devices from personal electronics to electric vehicles. Development of LiB has traditionally been driven by electrochemists and has focused heavily on optimizing charge density per cell. An unintentional end result is a handful of predominant cathode chemistries – LiFePO4 (LFP), LiCoO2 (LCO), LiNiAlCoO2 (NCA), or LiMn2O4 (LMO) – many of which can also be considered as dilute magnetic semiconductors. The magnetic nature of separate LiB components (i.e. anode, cathode, electrolyte, etc.) has been most studied using SQUID magnetometry. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) are increasingly used as well. Within the last six years, in vitro magnetometry has shown an innate magnetic field persists for LiB. Initial work centered on special non-magnetic pouch cell geometries. Recently we’ve shown that this magnetic field persists even for larger cylindrical formats like the 18650 and 21700. In addition, changes in the innate magnetic field of LiB can be correlated with changes in the state of health of the battery. A question immediately arises – “How is this signal here to measure?”. In this talk, two different answers to that question will be discussed. The first answer is technical in nature and revolves around a wide variety of magnetometer types (OPM, AMR, TMR) which have been used to capture the magnetic field signal, and the nature of the anisotropic magnetic field emanating from a LiB cell. The second answer is less well developed, and revolves around how ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and super-exchange interactions may possibly combine from the atomic to device scale to present the measured innate magnetic field. Much is unknown - but the importance of LiB in everyday life drives the need for increased understanding of magnetics to augment the existing knowledge of electrochemistry in the rational application, re-use and recycling of LiB. Co-sponsored by: NIST Magnetic Imaging Group Speaker(s): , Josh Agenda: Talk: 11:00AM to 12:pm IEEE Lunch Taj 12:15pm to 1:15pm Room: 1A116, Bldg: 81, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, United States, 80305, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/477103

In Person attendance at Original Brooklyn's, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, CO 80204.NOTE On Parking: They have been changing which lots they ask you to park in so look at the sign in front of the front door. There is a QR code inside Brooklyns that will ask for your license plate number, but no payment method is <a href="http://needed.Remote" target="_blank" title="needed.Remote">needed.Remote attendance via WebEx call-in:Denver Excom MeetingHosted by IEEE Denver Section<a href="https://ieeemeetings.webex.com/ieeemeetings/j.php?MTID=m4fa1461a887d1a94fd52de51e94aa3693rd" target="_blank" title="https://ieeemeetings.webex.com/ieeemeetings/j.php?MTID=m4fa1461a887d1a94fd52de51e94aa3693rd">https://ieeemeetings.webex.com/ieeemeetings/j.php?MTID=m4fa1461a887d1a94fd52de51e94aa3693rd Tuesday 6:00 PM | 2 hours 30 minutes | (UTC-06:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada)Occurs the third Tuesday of every month effective 6/15/2021 from 6:00 PM to 8:30 PM, (UTC-06:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada)Meeting number: 596 761 562Password: huVJgx2N7b7Join by video systemDial 596761562@<a href="http://ieeemeetings.webex.comYou" target="_blank" title="ieeemeetings.webex.comYou">ieeemeetings.webex.comYou can also dial 173.243.2.68 and enter your meeting <a href="http://number.Join" target="_blank" title="number.Join">number.Join by phone+1-415-655-0002 United States Toll1-855-282-6330 United States Toll FreeAccess code: 596 761 562Agenda: - Meals and Socializing 6-6:30pm- Roll Call, Introductions, and Verification of a Quorum- Additions to the Agenda- Officer Reports- Student/ Affinity Group / Chapter Updates- Committee Reports- Old Business- Other Items & New Business- AdjournOriginal Brooklyn's, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, Colorado, United States, 80204, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/479554

In Person attendance at Original Brooklyn's, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, CO 80204. NOTE On Parking: They have been changing which lots they ask you to park in so look at the sign in front of the front door. There is a QR code inside Brooklyns that will ask for your license plate number, but no payment method is needed. Remote attendance via WebEx call-in: Denver Excom Meeting Hosted by IEEE Denver Section https://ieeemeetings.webex.com/ieeemeetings/j.php?MTID=m4fa1461a887d1a94fd52de51e94aa369 3rd Tuesday 6:00 PM | 2 hours 30 minutes | (UTC-06:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) Occurs the third Tuesday of every month effective 6/15/2021 from 6:00 PM to 8:30 PM, (UTC-06:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) Meeting number: 596 761 562 Password: huVJgx2N7b7 Join by video system Dial 596761562@ieeemeetings.webex.com You can also dial 173.243.2.68 and enter your meeting number. Join by phone +1-415-655-0002 United States Toll 1-855-282-6330 United States Toll Free Access code: 596 761 562 Agenda: - Meals and Socializing 6-6:30pm - Roll Call, Introductions, and Verification of a Quorum - Additions to the Agenda - Officer Reports - Student/ Affinity Group / Chapter Updates - Committee Reports - Old Business - Other Items & New Business - Adjourn Original Brooklyn's, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, Colorado, United States, 80204, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/479554

The Denver IEEE AESS-SPS chapter is thrilled to partner with Rohde & Schwarz and the AOC Mile High Country Crows as Dr. Karen Haigh (IEEE Fellow) returns to Denver to present her enlightening seminar, "Cognitive Electronic Warfare – An Artificial Intelligence Approach." Co-sponsored by: Rohde & Schwarz & AOC Mile High Country Crows Denver Chapter Speaker(s): Dr. Karen Haigh, Agenda: Agenda 3:30 PM — 4:00 PM ► Registration & seating 4:00 PM — 5:30 PM ► Cognitive EW: Assuring In-Mission Learning for EW 5:30 PM — 6:30 PM ► Dinner 6:30 PM — 8:00 PM ► Cognitive EW: Data Requirements for AI Woolley's Classic Suites - Denver Airport Hotel, 16450 E. 40th Cir, Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80011

Speaker(s): Eli Cox Agenda: 6:25to 6:35 PM - Open for participants to enter and network. 6:35 to 6:40 PM - IEEE LM and CTCN Business meeting and to introduce speaker. 6:40 to 7:55PM - Formal Program and Q&A. Room: 8, Bldg: Asian American Resource Center, 8401 Cameron Rd., Austin, Texas, United States, 78754, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/477911

Come join us for this Dine and Learn event hosted by the Denver Section and University of Colorado Boulder. You're invited to participate in an exciting and engaging presentation titled "From Wafers to Cutting-Edge Products: The process of Testing, Packaging, and Design" by Tim Swettlen. Whether you're a college student eager to expand your knowledge or a technical professional looking to stay informed in this evolving industry, this presentation aims to cover the key test and assembly stages that deliver functional products to market. * Food and beverage will be provided. * Parking code will be provided to event registrants. Abstract: As Moore’s Law slows down on transistor density at the die level, advanced packaging methods are bridging the gap and continue to deliver ever more powerful products. To understand these changes, a thorough understanding of the testing flow is important as more die are stacked on a single final product. This talk starts as the wafer exits the fab, is exposed to a battery of tests and routed to its highest value package and product. Each die on the wafer is processed on the same test flow but its testing results will direct it to different bins sold at different selling prices. These complex test flows allow the right parts to be assembled into the best final product whether it’s an advanced smart phone or an entry level AI accelerator card. Co-sponsored by: University of Colorado Boulder Speaker(s): Tim Swettlen, Agenda: Agenda: 6:00- 6:30PM Food and networking 6:30-7:30 PM Presentation 7:30- 8:00 PM Q&A Discussion 8:00 PM Adjourn Room: 1B70, Bldg: Discovery Learning Center (DLC), University of Colorado Boulder, 1095 Regent Drive, Boulder, Colorado, United States, 80309, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/476572

Come join us for this Dine and Learn event hosted by the Denver Section and University of Colorado Boulder. You're invited to participate in an exciting and engaging presentation titled "From Wafers to Cutting-Edge Products: The process of Testing, Packaging, and Design" by Tim <a href="http://Swettlen.Whether" target="_blank" title="Swettlen.Whether">Swettlen.Whether you're a college student eager to expand your knowledge or a technical professional looking to stay informed in this evolving industry, this presentation aims to cover the key test and assembly stages that deliver functional products to <a href="http://market.*" target="_blank" title="market.*">market.* Food and beverage will be <a href="http://provided.*" target="_blank" title="provided.*">provided.* Parking code will be provided to event <a href="http://registrants.Abstract:As" target="_blank" title="registrants.Abstract:As">registrants.Abstract:As Moore’s Law slows down on transistor density at the die level, advanced packaging methods are bridging the gap and continue to deliver ever more powerful products. To understand these changes, a thorough understanding of the testing flow is important as more die are stacked on a single final <a href="http://product.This" target="_blank" title="product.This">product.This talk starts as the wafer exits the fab, is exposed to a battery of tests and routed to its highest value package and product. Each die on the wafer is processed on the same test flow but its testing results will direct it to different bins sold at different selling prices. These complex test flows allow the right parts to be assembled into the best final product whether it’s an advanced smart phone or an entry level AI accelerator <a href="http://card.Co-sponsored" target="_blank" title="card.Co-sponsored">card.Co-sponsored by: University of Colorado BoulderSpeaker(s): Tim Swettlen, Agenda: Agenda:6:00- 6:30PM Food and networking6:30-7:30 PMPresentation7:30- 8:00 PM Q&A Discussion8:00 PM AdjournRoom: 1B70, Bldg: Discovery Learning Center (DLC), University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, United States, 80309, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/476572

Join the IEEE PES/IAS Denver Chapter during our April technical meeting. Our guest speaker this month is Vince Fugetta, Energy Policy Advisor for the City and County of Denver. This is a co-hosted meeting with the IEEE Denver Young Professionals Chapter. Note that this event is at the Original Brooklyn's at 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, CO 80204.Schedule6:00 – Check-in, Chapter Business and Networking6:30 – Dinner Served7:00 – Presentation8:00 – AdjournTitle: Modernizing Denver's Electric Grid for a Zero-Carbon FutureSummary:The City of Denver is embarking on initiatives to help modernize its electric grid to prepare for the increased demands of a zero-carbon future. Modernizing the electric grid will require investments that support building electrification, which includes increasing distribution system capacity to account for heat pump heating and cooling and EV charging. Denver's Office of Climate Action, Sustainability, and Resiliency (CASR) is actively working with Xcel Energy and the Public Utilities Commission to update Denver's electric grid to enable the city to meet its zero emission goals. Vince Fuggetta from CASR will provide an overview of programs, policies, and projects designed to guide our city through the clean energy <a href="http://transition.Speaker(s):" target="_blank" title="transition.Speaker(s):">transition.Speaker(s): VinceBldg: Original Brooklyns, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, Colorado, United States, 80204, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/478537

Join the IEEE PES/IAS Denver Chapter during our April technical meeting. Our guest speaker this month is Vince Fugetta, Energy Policy Advisor for the City and County of Denver. This is a co-hosted meeting with the IEEE Denver Young Professionals Chapter. Note that this event is at the Original Brooklyn's at 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, CO 80204. Schedule 6:00 – Check-in, Chapter Business and Networking 6:30 – Dinner Served 7:00 – Presentation 8:00 – Adjourn Title: Modernizing Denver's Electric Grid for a Zero-Carbon Future Summary: The City of Denver is embarking on initiatives to help modernize its electric grid to prepare for the increased demands of a zero-carbon future. Modernizing the electric grid will require investments that support building electrification, which includes increasing distribution system capacity to account for heat pump heating and cooling and EV charging. Denver's Office of Climate Action, Sustainability, and Resiliency (CASR) is actively working with Xcel Energy and the Public Utilities Commission to update Denver's electric grid to enable the city to meet its zero emission goals. Vince Fuggetta from CASR will provide an overview of programs, policies, and projects designed to guide our city through the clean energy transition. Speaker(s): Vince Bldg: Original Brooklyns, 2644 W Colfax Ave, Denver, Colorado, United States, 80204, Virtual: https://events.vtools.ieee.org/m/478537

Get Ready for an Exciting Opportunity at IEEE Denver’s 2025 Senior Member Upgrade Event! We are thrilled to invite you to our annual event that promises to be both inspiring and rewarding! We are delighted to host this event at the (https://fossiltrace.com/) in Golden, a venue that offers a unique and memorable experience. Whether you are an Upgrade Candidate or a Senior Member/Fellow Volunteer Reference, this is your chance to be part of something special! For Upgrade Candidates: This is your moment! Meet fellow IEEE members, share your accomplishments, and get the guidance you need to elevate your career by achieving the prestigious status of IEEE Senior Member. You will have the chance to connect with experienced Senior Member/Fellow Volunteer References who will be on hand to support you through the Senior Member application process. For References: Your expertise is invaluable! This event offers you the chance to give back and help aspiring professionals take the next step in their IEEE journey. As a Senior or Life Member, your experience will have a lasting impact on those looking to advance their careers and achieve Senior Member status. Based on previous Upgrade Events, this is a fantastic chance to exchange ideas, share experiences, and connect with peers who share your passion for innovation. Plus, a delicious lunch will be provided to fuel these inspiring conversations! - Senior Member Candidates: please bring 2 copies of your resume, cover letters, work histories, CVs, etc. to aid in the discussion. Details on Senior Membership can be found here: https://www.ieee.org/content/ieee-org/en/membership/senior/. Please review the process and requirements for being upgraded to Senior Member. You do not need to start your application before the event. IEEE Denver Section will nominate you. - Reference Volunteers: please have your IEEE Membership number ready to provide to the Candidates. Registration is limited based on the number of Reference Volunteers we have available so please register as soon as you can confirm your intent to attend. Registration will close on April 14. If you register and then cannot attend, please let us know so that we can allow any waitlisted candidates to attend. We are looking forward to this inspiring and collaborative experience where you will help shape the future of IEEE! We can’t wait to see you there! Agenda: 11:00 AM - 11:30 AM Meet and Greet, Grab Lunch 11:30 AM - 12:00 PM Break up into groups for interviews 12:00 PM - 3:00 PM Finish Interviews for Member Upgrades Bldg: Footprints Restaurant at Fossil Trace Golf Course, 3050 Illinois St. , Near Jefferson County Government Center, Golden, Colorado, United States, 80401

Get Ready for an Exciting Opportunity at IEEE Denver’s 2025 Senior Member Upgrade Event!We are thrilled to invite you to our annual event that promises to be both inspiring and rewarding! We are delighted to host this event at the (https://fossiltrace.com/) in Golden, a venue that offers a unique and memorable <a href="http://experience.Whether" target="_blank" title="experience.Whether">experience.Whether you are an Upgrade Candidate or a Senior Member/Fellow Volunteer Reference, this is your chance to be part of something special! For Upgrade Candidates:This is your moment! Meet fellow IEEE members, share your accomplishments, and get the guidance you need to elevate your career by achieving the prestigious status of IEEE Senior Member. You will have the chance to connect with experienced Senior Member/Fellow Volunteer References who will be on hand to support you through the Senior Member application <a href="http://process." target="_blank" title="process.">process. For References:Your expertise is invaluable! This event offers you the chance to give back and help aspiring professionals take the next step in their IEEE journey. As a Senior or Life Member, your experience will have a lasting impact on those looking to advance their careers and achieve Senior Member <a href="http://status.Based" target="_blank" title="status.Based">status.Based on previous Upgrade Events, this is a fantastic chance to exchange ideas, share experiences, and connect with peers who share your passion for innovation. Plus, a delicious lunch will be provided to fuel these inspiring conversations!- Senior Member Candidates: please bring 2 copies of your resume, cover letters, work histories, CVs, etc. to aid in the discussion. Details on Senior Membership can be found here: https://www.ieee.org/content/ieee-org/en/membership/senior/. Please review the process and requirements for being upgraded to Senior Member. You do not need to start your application before the event. IEEE Denver Section will nominate <a href="http://you.-" target="_blank" title="you.-">you.- Reference Volunteers: please have your IEEE Membership number ready to provide to the <a href="http://Candidates.Registration" target="_blank" title="Candidates.Registration">Candidates.Registration is limited based on the number of Reference Volunteers we have available so please register as soon as you can confirm your intent to attend. Registration will close on April 14. If you register and then cannot attend, please let us know so that we can allow any waitlisted candidates to <a href="http://attend.We" target="_blank" title="attend.We">attend.We are looking forward to this inspiring and collaborative experience where you will help shape the future of IEEE! We can’t wait to see you there!Agenda: 11:00 AM - 11:30 AM Meet and Greet, Grab Lunch11:30 AM - 12:00 PM Break up into groups for interviews12:00 PM - 3:00 PM Finish Interviews for Member UpgradesBldg: Footprints Restaurant at Fossil Trace Golf Course, 3050 Illinois St. , Near Jefferson County Government Center, Golden, Colorado, United States, 80401